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Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale

The Saffir-Simpson scale classifies hurricanes from Category 1 to Category 5 based on maximum sustained wind speed. Storm surge — separate from the wind category — is the leading cause of hurricane deaths.

Tropical Storm39–73 mph

Storm surge

Minimal

Some damage to trees and power lines. Little structural damage.

34–63 kt

Category 174–95 mph

Storm surge

4–5 ft

Very dangerous winds. Power outages possible for days. Some roof, siding, and tree damage.

64–82 kt

Category 296–110 mph

Storm surge

6–8 ft

Extremely dangerous winds. Near-total power loss for days to weeks. Roofs and siding damaged.

83–95 kt

Category 3111–129 mph

Storm surge

9–12 ft

Devastating damage. Major roof and structural damage. Electricity and water may be unavailable for weeks.

96–112 kt

Category 4130–156 mph

Storm surge

13–18 ft

Catastrophic damage. Well-built homes can sustain severe damage. Most trees snapped or uprooted.

113–136 kt

Category 5157+ mph

Storm surge

18+ ft

Catastrophic. High percentage of homes destroyed. Total power loss for weeks to months. Area uninhabitable.

137+ kt

Important notes

  • The category reflects sustained wind speed only — not rain, storm surge, or tornadoes.
  • A weaker Category 1 can cause more deaths than a Category 5 if it makes landfall in a populated area with more storm surge.
  • Category does not determine danger level for your specific location.

Source: National Hurricane Center / NWS